Dutch Miniatures number 2

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cww1960
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Joined: Fri Feb 08, 2019 9:25 pm
Location: Perth, Western Australia

Dutch Miniatures number 2

Post by cww1960 »

Here is the second of the miniatures, Amsterdam 1848?, has a V so is it imported? ZII 835 finesse

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oel
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Re: Dutch Miniatures number 2

Post by oel »

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Another nice miniature. The barrel-carriers.

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The crowned ET (conjoined) duty mark of the French empire used 1809-819. ET= étranger=foreign. This mark also used as tax free census mark, without guarantee on the standard of fineness. This mark also occurs rather frequently on objects bearing the older marks of Dutch guilds and the duty marks of the Kingdom of Holland, and the 1807-1812 Kingdom of Holland proper hallmarks.

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The flowery V; duty mark for foreign and other untaxed objects used 1814-1831. This duty mark does not give any guarantee of a precious metal standard of fineness. This mark has been used on metal with a 250 minimum silver content as a duty mark. This mark was destined for all imported, unmarked and invalid marked objects of foreign, national and unknown origin. Upon the invalidation of the hallmarks of Louis Napoleon's kingdom of Holland and those of the French Empire in 1816, this mark also has been used as a tax free census mark.
The small flowery like V used 1814-1831 but also used in the Southern Netherlands from 1817 until 1832 after the Belgian revolution replaced by the Boars head.

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Amsterdam town mark year letter O for 1773

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The maker's mark; horn in a crowned hart shaped shield for Johannes Adrianus van Geffen, registered in Amsterdam 1766 before 1798. Productive miniature/toy maker, born 1734

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Crowned O; In March 1807, by order of the King of Holland, a new hallmark law on the working, importing and sale of gold and silver objects, including the levy of duty on the same was implemented. Silver smiths, retailers and silver- shop holders could, for a few weeks, bring in their old hallmarked and previous made silver & gold objects and have those objects stamped with the crowned O, the capital letter O for the Dutch word 'Onbelast=duty-free; free of charge and no tax Duty.
After this period, a tax duty had to be paid and the crowned B was applied, the capital letter B for the Dutch word 'Belasting'=Tax. After the 18th of April 1807, officially no work with old hallmarks was allowed to be sold without the crowned O, unless tax was paid and the object stamped with the crowned B. NB. Many variations of the crowned O were used in this short period and the crowned O often has been faked for duty dodging and other reasons.

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ZII mark for used objects which are submitted in finished condition, which consequently could then not be assayed as thoroughly 1953-present.


Peter.
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